MFA - Change Phones / Add more methods
Note! You need a working authentication method to use these steps! If you don't have the old phone or a working method you need to contact the helpdesk to get assistance. You need this to be able to login to the account setup page.
At your Microsoft security page https://mysignins.microsoft.com/security-info you can view your MFA methods and also add a new phone or perhaps email or phone number as second method so you can use that if your phone authenticator doesn't work.
This page is a secure page and you will need a working MFA method to access the page. When you have logged in you may add more methods for MFA. You can have the authenticator app on multiple phones if needed.

There you can add more methods and also set what method is the default one. The Authenticator app should always be the default one.

If you choose the "Authenticator app" here is an guide.